Kip, I think your description of the two-cars freeway accident is a plausible scenario. The puzzle is indeed why was the oncoming traffic accepted as normal, mainly by the driver of the red car? Acceptance of normal, (or, more seriously, actual denial of one's actual circumstances...how many times have we heard, "I just can't believe ______"?
We had a similar accident not far from home. Take a close look at this freeway exchange in Tsawwassen, Hwy 99 N-S & Hwy 17 E-W. The twin bridge over the freeway is Hwy 17.
What has to be noticed closely is that while the bridge to the south has the two east-bound lanes of Hwy 17, the north bridge's lanes have one lane going west-bound, and one going east bound.
Drivers, especially those not familiar with the exchange, may reasonably assume that the twinned bridge's lanes are "two-lanes-west", and "two-lanes-east". Not so.
And there are no dividers or vertical/flexible red markers to divide these lanes. There are just yellow double lines which can be (and have been) missed in darkness, heavy rain or inattention.
A family van travelling west over the bridge one evening moved to the "left lane", perhaps to pass a slower vehicle? to ensure he was in the "correct" (left) lane to go south instead of circling around to enter Hwy 401?
Who knows, they're all dead, killed in the head-on with a north-bound car coming from the Tswwassen ferry terminal.
Of course this is a human factors issue, with a strong engineering design element. In my view this also has elements of criminal negligence on the part of those city engineers/designers because confusion is both possible and probable and still is because the design hasn't changed, (so perhaps city government should also be held responsible when the next fatal accident occurs?)
The next series shows how serious this design is flawed:
Detail of the traffic direction over the two East-West Hwy 17 bridges:
Here's what the west-bound lanes look like:
The west-end of the bridge does not appear unusual in the sense that one could "see" a "right turn lane" and the "correct" southbound road, especially at night, or in rain or with no oncoming traffic as cues.
The left lane on the right (north) bridge leads directly into oncoming traffic:
There are two of the usual round signs with the horizontal bar signalling "Do Not Enter".
But in the Hwy 401 head-on, there were three of those signs on the exit plus a "Wrong Way" sign just before the entrance to the 401 going westbound into eastbound traffic:
Most drivers do not miss these signs, nor do they miss all the other cues, including the oncoming traffic.
So the question is, once the person is on the freeway heading the wrong direction, what makes it make sense to continue? Panic? Denial? Inability to form a plan of action, (stop, pull to far left or right side, put on flashers, wait for clear, turn around), and resorting to false hope in the face of extreme danger? Is this in the driver's education curriculum as part of defensive driving, (as in What if you actually do this?)
Lots of questions, which, one hopes, families affected by these terrible tragedies will eventually ask.
Don
Edited by Don Hudson, 10 February 2012 - 12:13 PM.